Isotopen van koper
Uiterlijk
Het chemisch element koper (Cu), met een atoommassa van 63,546(3) u, bezit 2 stabiele isotopen: 63Cu en 65Cu, waarvan de eerste het meest abundant is (ongeveer 69%). De overige 27 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halveringstijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotoop van koper is 54Cu, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 75 nanoseconden. De langstlevende is 67Cu, met een halfwaardetijd van 61,83 uur.
Overzicht[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]
Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
52Cu | 29 | 23 | 51,99718(28) | p | 51Ni | (3+) | |||
53Cu | 29 | 24 | 52,98555(28) | < 300 ns | p | 52Ni | (3/2−) | ||
54Cu | 29 | 25 | 53,97671(23) | < 75 ns | p | 53Ni | (3+) | ||
55Cu | 29 | 26 | 54,96605(32) | 40 ms | β+ | 55Ni | 3/2− | ||
p | 54Ni | ||||||||
56Cu | 29 | 27 | 55,95856(15) | 93(3) ms | β+ | 56Ni | (4+) | ||
57Cu | 29 | 28 | 56,949211(17) | 196,3(7) ms | β+ | 57Ni | 3/2− | ||
58Cu | 29 | 29 | 57,9445385(17) | 3,204(7) s | β+ | 58Ni | 1+ | ||
59Cu | 29 | 30 | 58,9394980(8) | 81,5(5) s | β+ | 59Ni | 3/2− | ||
60Cu | 29 | 31 | 59,9373650(18) | 23,7(4) min | β+ | 60Ni | 2+ | ||
61Cu | 29 | 32 | 60,9334578(11) | 3,333(5) uur | β+ | 61Ni | 3/2− | ||
62Cu | 29 | 33 | 61,932584(4) | 9,673(8) min | β+ | 62Ni | 1+ | ||
63Cu | 29 | 34 | 62,9295975(6) | stabiel | 3/2− | 0,6915(15) | 0,68983 - 0,69338 | ||
64Cu | 29 | 35 | 63,9297642(6) | 12,700(2) uur | β+ (61%) | 64Ni | 1+ | ||
β− (39%) | 64Zn | ||||||||
65Cu | 29 | 36 | 64,9277895(7) | stabiel | 3/2− | 0,3085(15) | 0,30662 - 0,31017 | ||
66Cu | 29 | 37 | 65,9288688(7) | 5,120(14) min | β− | 66Zn | 1+ | ||
67Cu | 29 | 38 | 66,9277303(13) | 61,83(12) uur | β− | 67Zn | 3/2− | ||
68Cu | 29 | 39 | 67,9296109(17) | 31,1(15) s | β− | 68Zn | 1+ | ||
68mCu | 721,6(7) keV | 3,75(5) min | IT (84%) | 68Cu | (6−) | ||||
β− (16%) | 68Zn | ||||||||
69Cu | 29 | 40 | 68,9294293(15) | 2,85(15) min | β− | 69Zn | 3/2− | ||
69mCu | 2741,8(10) keV | 360(30) ns | (13/2+) | ||||||
70Cu | 29 | 41 | 69,9323923(17) | 44,5(2) s | β− | 70Zn | (6−) | ||
70m1Cu | 101,1(3) keV | 33(2) s | β− | 70Zn | (3−) | ||||
70m2Cu | 242,6(5) keV | 6,6(2) s | 1+ | ||||||
71Cu | 29 | 42 | 70,9326768(16) | 19,4(14) s | β− | 71Zn | (3/2−) | ||
71mCu | 2756(10) keV | 271(13) ns | (19/2−) | ||||||
72Cu | 29 | 43 | 71,9358203(15) | 6,6(1) s | β− | 72Zn | (1+) | ||
72mCu | 270(3) keV | 1,76(3) µs | (4−) | ||||||
73Cu | 29 | 44 | 72,936675(4) | 4,2(3) s | β− (> 99,9%) | 73Zn | (3/2−) | ||
β−, n (< 0,1%) | 72Zn | ||||||||
74Cu | 29 | 45 | 73,939875(7) | 1,594(10) s | β− | 74Zn | (1+, 3+) | ||
75Cu | 29 | 46 | 74,94190(105) | 1,224(3) s | β− (96,5%) | 75Zn | (3/2−) | ||
β−, n (3,5%) | 74Zn | ||||||||
76Cu | 29 | 47 | 75,945275(7) | 641(6) ms | β− (97%) | 76Zn | (3, 5) | ||
β−, n (3%) | 75Zn | ||||||||
76mCu | 0(200) keV | 1,27(30) s | β− | 76Zn | (1, 3) | ||||
77Cu | 29 | 48 | 76,94785(43) | 469(8) ms | β− | 77Zn | 3/2− | ||
78Cu | 29 | 49 | 77,95196(43) | 342(11) ms | β− | 78Zn | |||
79Cu | 29 | 50 | 78,95456(54) | 188(25) ms | β−, n (55%) | 78Zn | 3/2− | ||
β− (45%) | 79Zn | ||||||||
80Cu | 29 | 51 | 79,96087(64) | 100 ms | β− | 80Zn |
Overzicht van isotopen per element[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]
1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
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1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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