Isotopen van radon
Uiterlijk
Het chemisch element radon (Rn), met een atoommassa van ongeveer 222 u, bezit geen stabiele isotopen en wordt dus geclassificeerd als radioactief element. De 35 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde). In de natuur komen sporen van de radio-isotopen 218Rn, 219Rn, 220Rn (ook wel thoron genoemd) en 222Rn voor.
De kortstlevende isotoop van radon is 196Rn, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 4,7 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 222Rn, met een halfwaardetijd van 3,823 dagen.
Overzicht[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]
Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
195Rn | 86 | 109 | 195,00544(5) | 6 ms | 3/2− | ||||
195mRn | 50(50) keV | 6 ms | 13/2+ | ||||||
196Rn | 86 | 110 | 196,002115(16) | 4,7(11) ms | α | 192Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (zelden) | 196At | ||||||||
197Rn | 86 | 111 | 197,00158(7) | 66(16) ms | α | 193Po | 3/2− | ||
β+ (zelden) | 197At | ||||||||
197mRn | 200(60) keV | 21(5) ms | α | 193Po | (13/2+) | ||||
β+ (zelden) | 197At | ||||||||
198Rn | 86 | 112 | 197,998679(14) | 65(3) ms | α (99%) | 194Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (1%) | 198At | ||||||||
199Rn | 86 | 113 | 198,99837(7) | 620(30) ms | α (94%) | 195Po | 3/2− | ||
β+ (6%) | 199At | ||||||||
199mRn | 180(70) keV | 320(20) ms | α (97%) | 195Po | 13/2+ | ||||
β+ (3%) | 199At | ||||||||
200Rn | 86 | 114 | 199,995699(14) | 0,96(3) s | α (98%) | 196Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (2%) | 200At | ||||||||
201Rn | 86 | 115 | 200,99563(8) | 7,0(4) s | α (80%) | 197Po | (3/2−) | ||
β+ (20%) | 201At | ||||||||
201mRn | 280(90) keV | 3,8(1) s | α (90%) | 197Po | (13/2+) | ||||
β+ (10%) | 201At | ||||||||
IT (< 1%) | 201Rn | ||||||||
202Rn | 86 | 116 | 201,993263(19) | 9,94(18) s | α (85%) | 198Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (15%) | 202At | ||||||||
203Rn | 86 | 117 | 202,993387(25) | 44,2(16) s | α (66%) | 199Po | (3/2−) | ||
β+ (34%) | 203At | ||||||||
203mRn | 363(4) keV | 26,7(5) s | α (80%) | 199Po | 13/2+ | ||||
β+ (20%) | 203At | ||||||||
204Rn | 86 | 118 | 203,991429(16) | 1,17(18) min | α (73%) | 200Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (27%) | 204At | ||||||||
205Rn | 86 | 119 | 204,99172(5) | 170(4) s | β+ (77%) | 205At | 5/2− | ||
α (23%) | 201Po | ||||||||
206Rn | 86 | 120 | 205,990214(16) | 5,67(17) min | α (62%) | 202Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (38%) | 206At | ||||||||
207Rn | 86 | 121 | 206,990734(28) | 9,25(17) min | β+ (79%) | 207At | 5/2− | ||
α (21%) | 203Po | ||||||||
207mRn | 899,0(10) keV | 181(18) µs | (13/2+) | ||||||
208Rn | 86 | 122 | 207,989642(12) | 24,35(14) min | α (62%) | 204Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (38%) | 208At | ||||||||
209Rn | 86 | 123 | 208,990415(21) | 28,5(10) min | β+ (83%) | 209At | 5/2− | ||
α (17%) | 205Po | ||||||||
209m1Rn | 1173,98(13) keV | 13,4(13) µs | 13/2+ | ||||||
209m2Rn | 3636,78(23) keV | 3,0(3) µs | (35/2+) | ||||||
210Rn | 86 | 124 | 209,989696(9) | 2,4(1) uur | α (96%) | 206Po | 0+ | ||
β+ (4%) | 210At | ||||||||
210m1Rn | 1690(15) keV | 644(40) ns | 8+ | ||||||
210m2Rn | 3837(15) keV | 1,06(5) µs | 17− | ||||||
210m3Rn | 6493(15) keV | 1,04(7) µs | 22+ | ||||||
211Rn | 86 | 125 | 210,990601(7) | 14,6(2) uur | α (72,6%) | 207Po | 1/2− | ||
β+ (27,4%) | 211At | ||||||||
212Rn | 86 | 126 | 211,990704(3) | 23,9(12) min | α | 208Po | 0+ | ||
β+β+ (zelden) | 212Po | ||||||||
213Rn | 86 | 127 | 212,993883(6) | 19,5(1) ms | α | 209Po | (9/2+) | ||
214Rn | 86 | 128 | 213,995363(10) | 0,27(2) µs | α | 210Po | 0+ | ||
β+β+ (zelden) | 214Po | ||||||||
214mRn | 4595,4 keV | 245(30) ns | (22+) | ||||||
215Rn | 86 | 129 | 214,998745(8) | 2,30(10) µs | α | 211Po | 9/2+ | ||
216Rn | 86 | 130 | 216,000274(8) | 45(5) µs | α | 212Po | 0+ | ||
217Rn | 86 | 131 | 217,003928(5) | 0,54(5) ms | α | 213Po | 9/2+ | ||
218Rn | 86 | 132 | 218,0056013(25) | 35(5) ms | α | 214Po | 0+ | sporen | |
219Rn | 86 | 133 | 219,0094802(27) | 3,96(1) s | α | 215Po | 5/2+ | sporen | |
220Rn | 86 | 134 | 220,0113940(24) | 55,6(1) s | α | 216Po | 0+ | sporen | |
β−β− (zelden) | 220Ra | ||||||||
221Rn | 86 | 135 | 221,015537(6) | 25,7(5) min | β− (78%) | 221Fr | 7/2(+) | ||
α (22%) | 217Po | ||||||||
222Rn | 86 | 136 | 222,0175777(25) | 3,8235(3) dagen | α | 218Po | 0+ | sporen | |
223Rn | 86 | 137 | 223,02179(32) | 24,3(4) min | β− | 223Fr | 7/2 | ||
224Rn | 86 | 138 | 224,02409(32) | 107(3) min | β− | 224Fr | 0+ | ||
225Rn | 86 | 139 | 225,02844(32) | 4,66(4) min | β− | 225Fr | 7/2− | ||
226Rn | 86 | 140 | 226,03089(43) | 7,4(1) min | β− | 226Fr | 0+ | ||
227Rn | 86 | 141 | 227,03541(45) | 20,8(7) s | β− | 227Fr | 5/2+ | ||
228Rn | 86 | 142 | 228,03799(44) | 65(2) s | β− | 228Fr | 0+ | ||
229Rn | 86 | 143 | 229,0426536(141) | 12 s |
Overzicht van isotopen per element[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]
1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
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1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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