Isotopen van iridium
Uiterlijk
Het chemisch element iridium (Ir), met een atoommassa van 192,217(3) u, bezit 2 stabiele isotopen: 191Ir en 193Ir, waarvan de laatste het meest voorkomt (ongeveer 62,7%). De 33 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotoop van iridium is 162Ir, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 1,87 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 192Ir, met een halfwaardetijd van 73,83 dagen. Iridium-192 is een sterke gammastraler en wordt bij onder andere radiotherapie ingezet.
Overzicht[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]
Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
164Ir | 77 | 87 | 163,99220(44) | 1 ms | 2− | ||||
164mIr | 270(110) keV | 94(27) µs | 9+ | ||||||
165Ir | 77 | 88 | 164,98752(23) | < 1 µs | p | 164Os | 1/2+ | ||
α (zelden) | 161Re | ||||||||
165mIr | 180(50) keV | 300(60) µs | p (87%) | 164Os | 11/2− | ||||
α (13%) | 161Re | ||||||||
166Ir | 77 | 89 | 165,98582(22) | 10,5(22) ms | α (93%) | 162Re | (2−) | ||
p (7%) | 165Os | ||||||||
166mIr | 172(6) keV | 15,1(9) ms | α (98,2%) | 162Re | (9+) | ||||
p (1,8%) | 165Os | ||||||||
167Ir | 77 | 90 | 166,981665(20) | 35,2(20) ms | α (48%) | 163Re | 1/2+ | ||
p (32%) | 166Os | ||||||||
β+ (20%) | 167Os | ||||||||
167mIr | 175,3(22) keV | 30,0(6) ms | α (80%) | 163Re | 11/2− | ||||
β+ (20%) | 167Os | ||||||||
p (0,4%) | 166Os | ||||||||
168Ir | 77 | 91 | 167,97988(16) | 161(21) ms | α | 164Re | |||
β+ (zelden) | 168Os | ||||||||
168mIr | 50(100) keV | 125(40) ms | α | 164Re | |||||
169Ir | 77 | 92 | 168,976295(28) | 780(360) ms | α | 165Re | 1/2+ | ||
β+ (zelden) | 169Os | ||||||||
169mIr | 154(24) keV | 308(22) ms | α (72%) | 165Re | 11/2− | ||||
β+ (28%) | 169Os | ||||||||
170Ir | 77 | 93 | 169,97497(11) | 910(150) ms | β+ (64%) | 170Os | |||
α (36%) | 166Re | ||||||||
170mIr | 270(70) keV | 440(60) ms | |||||||
171Ir | 77 | 94 | 170,97163(4) | 3,6(10) s | α (58%) | 167Re | 1/2+ | ||
β+ (42%) | 171Os | ||||||||
171mIr | 180(30) keV | 1,40(10) s | (11/2−) | ||||||
172Ir | 77 | 95 | 171,97046(11) | 4,4(3) s | β+ (98%) | 172Os | (3+) | ||
α (2%) | 168Re | ||||||||
172mIr | 280(100) keV | 2,0(1) s | β+ (77%) | 172Os | (7+) | ||||
α (23%) | 168Re | ||||||||
173Ir | 77 | 96 | 172,967502(15) | 9,0(8) s | β+ (93%) | 173Os | (3/2+, 5/2+) | ||
α (7%) | 169Re | ||||||||
173mIr | 253(27) keV | 2,20(5) s | β+ (88%) | 173Os | (11/2−) | ||||
α (12%) | 169Re | ||||||||
174Ir | 77 | 97 | 173,966861(30) | 7,9(6) s | β+ (99,5%) | 174Os | (3+) | ||
α (0,5%) | 170Re | ||||||||
174mIr | 193(11) keV | 4,9(3) s | β+ (99,53%) | 174Os | (7+) | ||||
α (0,47%) | 170Re | ||||||||
175Ir | 77 | 98 | 174,964113(21) | 9(2) s | β+ (99,15%) | 175Os | (5/2−) | ||
α (0,85%) | 171Re | ||||||||
176Ir | 77 | 99 | 175,963649(22) | 8,3(6) s | β+ (97,9%) | 176Os | |||
α (2,1%) | 172Re | ||||||||
177Ir | 77 | 100 | 176,961302(21) | 30(2) s | β+ (99,94%) | 177Os | 5/2− | ||
α (0,06%) | 173Re | ||||||||
178Ir | 77 | 101 | 177,961082(21) | 12(2) s | β+ | 178Os | |||
179Ir | 77 | 102 | 178,959122(12) | 79(1) s | β+ | 179Os | (5/2)− | ||
180Ir | 77 | 103 | 179,959229(23) | 1,5(1) min | β+ | 180Os | (4, 5)+ | ||
181Ir | 77 | 104 | 180,957625(28) | 4,90(15) min | β+ | 181Os | 5/2− | ||
182Ir | 77 | 105 | 181,958076(23) | 15(1) min | β+ | 182Os | (3+) | ||
183Ir | 77 | 106 | 182,956846(27) | 57(4) min | β+ ( 99,95%) | 183Os | 5/2− | ||
α (0,05%) | 179Re | ||||||||
184Ir | 77 | 107 | 183,95748(3) | 3,09(3) uur | β+ | 184Os | 5− | ||
184m1Ir | 225,65(11) keV | 470(30) µs | 3+ | ||||||
184m2Ir | 328,40(24) keV | 350(90) ns | 7+ | ||||||
185Ir | 77 | 108 | 184,95670(3) | 14,4(1) uur | β+ | 185Os | 5/2− | ||
186Ir | 77 | 109 | 185,957946(18) | 16,64(3) uur | β+ | 186Os | 5+ | ||
186mIr | 0,8(4) keV | 1,92(5) uur | β+ | 186Os | 2− | ||||
IT (zelden) | 186Ir | ||||||||
187Ir | 77 | 110 | 186,957363(7) | 10,5(3) uur | β+ | 187Os | 3/2+ | ||
187m1Ir | 186,15(4) keV | 30,3(6) ms | IT | 187Ir | 9/2− | ||||
187m2Ir | 433,81(9) keV | 152(12) ns | 11/2− | ||||||
188Ir | 77 | 111 | 187,958853(8) | 41,5(5) uur | β+ | 188Os | 1− | ||
188mIr | 970(30) keV | 4,2(2) ms | IT | 188Ir | 7+ | ||||
β+ (rare) | 188Os | ||||||||
189Ir | 77 | 112 | 188,958719(14) | 13,2(1) dagen | EV | 189Os | 3/2+ | ||
189m1Ir | 372,18(4) keV | 13,3(3) ms | IT | 189Ir | 11/2− | ||||
189m2Ir | 2333,3(4) keV | 3,7(2) ms | 25/2+ | ||||||
190Ir | 77 | 113 | 189,9605460(18) | 11,78(10) dagen | β+ | 190Os | 4− | ||
190m1Ir | 26,1(1) keV | 1,120(3) uur | IT | 190Ir | (1−) | ||||
190m2Ir | 36,154(25) keV | > 2 µs | 4+ | ||||||
190m3Ir | 376,4(1) keV | 3,087(12) uur | 11− | ||||||
191Ir | 77 | 114 | 190,9605940(18) | stabiel | 3/2+ | 0,373(2) | |||
191m1Ir | 171,24(5) keV | 4,94(3) s | IT | 191Ir | 11/2− | ||||
191m2Ir | 2120(40) keV | 5,5(7) s | |||||||
192Ir | 77 | 115 | 191,9626050(18) | 73,827(13) dagen | β− (95,24%) | 192Pt | 4+ | ||
EV (4,76%) | 192Os | ||||||||
192m1Ir | 56,720(5) keV | 1,45(5) min | 1− | ||||||
192m2Ir | 168,14(12) keV | 241(9) jaar | (11−) | ||||||
193Ir | 77 | 116 | 192,9629264(18) | stabiel | 3/2+ | 0,627(2) | |||
193mIr | 80,240(6) keV | 10,53(4) dagen | IT | 193Ir | 11/2− | ||||
194Ir | 77 | 117 | 193,9650784(18) | 19,28(13) uur | β− | 194Pt | 1− | ||
194m1Ir | 147,078(5) keV | 31,85(24) ms | IT | 194Ir | (4+) | ||||
194m2Ir | 370(70) keV | 171(11) dagen | (10,11)− | ||||||
195Ir | 77 | 118 | 194,9659796(18) | 2,5(2) uur | β− | 195Pt | 3/2+ | ||
195mIr | 100(5) keV | 3,8(2) uur | β− (95%) | 195Pt | 11/2− | ||||
IT (5%) | 195Ir | ||||||||
196Ir | 77 | 119 | 195,96840(4) | 52(1) s | β− | 196Pt | (0−) | ||
196mIr | 210(40) keV | 1,40(2) uur | β− (99,7%) | 196Pt | (10, 11−) | ||||
IT | 196Ir | ||||||||
197Ir | 77 | 120 | 196,969653(22) | 5,8(5) min | β− | 197Pt | 3/2+ | ||
197mIr | 115(5) keV | 8,9(3) min | β− (99,75%) | 197Pt | 11/2− | ||||
IT (0,25%) | 197Ir | ||||||||
198Ir | 77 | 121 | 197,97228(21) | 8(1) s | β− | 198Pt | |||
199Ir | 77 | 122 | 198,97380(4) | 20 s | β− | 199Pt | 3/2+ |
Overzicht van isotopen per element[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]
1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
|