Identifier: textbookofbotany00sach (find matches)
Title: Text-book of botany, morphological and physiological
Year: 1875 (1870s)
Authors: Sachs, Julius, 1832-1897 Bennett, Alfred W. (Alfred William), 1833-1902 Thiselton-Dyer, William T. (William Turner), 1843-1928
Subjects: Botany
Publisher: Oxford, Clarendon Press
Contributing Library: NCSU Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: NCSU Libraries

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acute angle to one another. The foHage-leaves of most Conifers are very persistent, and may live for several years, their leaf-cushions keeping pace in growth for a long time with the increase in size of the axis;in Larix and Salisburia the Reaves alone are deciduous in autumn, in Taxodiumdistichum the axes that bear them are also deciduous. The Flowers of Coniferse are always diclinous; either monoecious, as in theAbietineae and Thuja, or dioecious, as in Taxus, Salisburia, and Juniperus commu7iis ;the male are usually much more numerous than the female flowers. They are neverterminal on the primary stem, differing in this respect from those of Cycadeae; eventhe larger woody branches bear only rarely, as in Abies excelsa^ terminal (in thiscase only female) flowers. Usually the flowers are produced at the apex of smallfoliage-shoots of the last order, or in the leaf-axils of the stronger foliage-shoots.In Thuja, for instance, male and female flov/ers appear- at the end of small short
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Fig. -^ij.—Salisburia adiantifolia (natural size). A a short secondary foliage-shoot with female flowers, on the naked axesof which are placed the ovules j/t; B a male flower; C part of one magnified, a the pollen-sacs; D longitudinal section ofan ovule magnified ; E a ripe seed with an abortive one by its side on the floral axis. green shoots of the bilateral system of branches; in Taxus and Juniperus, on theother hand, in the axils of foliage-leaves of larger shoots ; in Abies pectiiiatii they arefound on the under side of shoots of a higher order at the summit of older trees,both kinds in the axils of foliage-leaves, the female flowers singly, the male inlarger numbers. The flowers of Piniis sylvestris and allied species appear in theplace of the undeveloped branches (tufts of leaves) which stand in the axils of thescales of growing woody shoots, the males usually in groups forming an inflores-cence the primary axis of which is the mother-shoot, the female flowers generallymore s

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