↑Stubbs, Alan E. and Falk, Steven J. (1983), British Hoverflies: An Illustrated Identification Guide. British Entomological & Natural History Society, 253, xvpp.
↑Van Veen, M.P. (2004), Hoverflies of Northwest Europe, Identification Keys to the Syrphidae (Hardback). KNNV Publishing, Utrecht, pp. 254. ISBN 9050111998.