Oscar voor beste originele muziek
De Academy Award voor beste originele muziek (Engels: Academy Award for Best Original Score) is een jaarlijkse filmprijs van de Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. De prijs wordt uitgereikt sinds de 7de Oscaruitreiking (1935) aan de componist die de filmmuziek componeerde aan de betreffende film.
Van 1939 tot 1985 werd de beste filmmuziek vaak in twee onderdelen ondergebracht; in de beginjaren meestal 'Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture)' (muziek van een drama of filmkomedie) en 'Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture)' (musicalfilmmuziek), en later onder meer 'Original Dramatic Score' (originele dramatische filmmuziek) en 'Original Song Score and Adaptation' (originele aanpassing filmmuziek). Ook van 1996 tot 1999 waren er twee onderdelen: 'Dramatic Score' en 'Musical or Comedy Score'. In 1981, 1982, en van 1986 tot 1995 werd alleen de prijs voor 'Best Original Score' (beste originele filmmuziek) uitgereikt, evenals tijdens alle edities sinds 2000.
Winnaars
Het jaartal is het jaar waarin de film uitkwam; de prijsuitreiking is het jaar daarop.[1]
1934-1939
- 1934:
- Music (Scoring): One Night of Love - Louis Silvers
- 1935:
- Music (Scoring): The Informer - Max Steiner
- 1936:
- Music (Scoring): Anthony Adverse - Erich Wolfgang Korngold
- 1937:
- Music (Scoring): One Hundred Men and a Girl - Charles Previn
- 1938:
- Music (Original Score): The Adventures of Robin Hood - Erich Wolfgang Korngold
- Music (Scoring): Alexander's Ragtime Band - Alfred Newman
- 1939:
- Music (Original Score): The Wizard of Oz - Herbert Stothart
- Music (Scoring): Stagecoach - Richard Hageman, W. Franke Harling, John Leipold & Leo Shuken
1940-1949
- 1940:
- Music (Original Score): Pinocchio - Leigh Harlne & Paul J. Smith (muziek), Ned Washington (songtekst)
- Music (Scoring): Tin Pan Alley - Alfred Newman
- 1941:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic Picture): All That Money Can Buy - Bernard Herrmann
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Dumbo - Frank Churchill & Oliver Wallace
- 1942:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Now, Voyager - Max Steiner
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Yankee Doodle Dandy - Ray Heindorf & Heinz Roemheld
- 1943:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): The Song of Bernadette - Alfred Newman
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): This Is the Army - Ray Heindorf
- 1944:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Since You Went Away - Max Steiner
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Cover Girl - Morris Stoloff & Carmen Dragon
- 1945:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Spellbound - Miklós Rózsa
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Anchors Aweigh - George Stoll
- 1946:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): The Best Years of Our Lives - Hugo Friedhofer
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): The Jolson Story - Morris Stoloff
- 1947:
- Music (Score of a Comedy Picture): A Double Life - Miklós Rózsa
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Mother Wore Tights - Alfred Newman
- 1948:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): The Red Shoes - Brian Easdale
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Easter Parade - Johnny Green & Roger Edens
- 1949:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): The Heiress - Aaron Copland
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): On the Town - Roger Edens & Lennie Hayton
1950-1959
- 1950:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic of Comedy Picture): Sunset Boulevard - Franz Waxman
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Annie Get Your Gun - Adolph Deutsch & Roger Edens
- 1951:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): A Place in the Sun - Franz Waxman
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): An American in Paris - Johnny Green & Saul Chaplin
- 1952:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic Comedy Picture): High Noon - Dimitri Tiomkin
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): With a Song in My Heart - Alfred Newman
- 1953:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Lili - Bronislau Kaper
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Call Me Madam - Alfred Newman
- 1954:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): The High and the Mighty - Dimitri Tiomkin
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Seven Brides for Seven Brothers - Adolph Deutsch & Saul Chaplin
- 1955:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing - Alfred Newman
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Oklahoma! - Robert Russell Bennett, Jay Blackton & Adolph Deutsch
- 1956:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Around the World in 80 Days - Victor Young
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): The King and I - Alfred Newman & Ken Dardy
- 1957:
- Music (Score): The Bridge on the River Kwai - Malcolm Arnold
- 1958:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): The Old Man and the Sea - Dimitri Tiomkin
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Gigi - André Previn
- 1959:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Ben-Hur - Miklós Rózsa
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Porgy and Bess - André Previn & Ken Darby
1960-1969
- 1960:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Exodus - Ernest Gold
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): Song without End (The Story of Franz Liszt) - Morris Stoloff & Harry Sukman
- 1961:
- Music (Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture): Breakfast at Tiffany's - Henry Mancini
- Music (Scoring of a Musical Picture): West Side Story - Saul Chaplin, Johnny Green, Sid Ramin & Irwin Kostal
- 1962:
- Music (Substantially Original Score): Lawrence of Arabia - Maurice Jarre
- Music (Scoring of Music-adaptation or treatment): Meredith Willson's The Music Man - Ray Heindorf
- 1963:
- Music (Substantially Original Score): Tom Jones - John Addison
- Music (Scoring of Music-adaptation or treatment): Irma la Douce - André Previn
- 1964:
- Music (Substantially Original Score): Mary Poppins - Richard M. Sherman & Robert B. Sherman
- Music (Scoring of Music-adaptation or treatment): My Fair Lady - André Previn
- 1965:
- Music (Substantially Original Score): Doctor Zhivago - Maurice Jarre
- Music (Scoring of Music-adaptation or treatment): The Sound of Music - Irwin Kostal
- 1966:
- Music (Original Music Score): Born Free - John Barry
- Music (Scoring of Music-adaptation or treatment): A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum - Ken Thorne
- 1967:
- Music (Original Music Score): Thoroughly Modern Millie - Elmer Bernstein
- Music (Scoring of Music-apaptation or treatment): Camelot - Alfred Newman & Ken Darby
- 1968:
- Music (Original Score for Motion Picture (not a Musical)): The Lion in Winter - John Barry
- Music (Score of a Musical Picture-Original or adaptation): Oliver! - Johnny Green (adaptation score)
- 1969:
- Music (Original Score for a Motion Picture (not a Musical)): Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid - Burt Bacharach
- Music (Score of a Musical Picture-Original or adaptation): Hello, Dolly! - Lennie Hayton & Lionel Newman (adaptation score)
1970-1979
- 1970:
- Original Score: Love Story - Francis Lai
- Original Song Score: Let It Be - The Beatles (John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison & Ringo Starr) (muziek & songtekst)
- 1971:
- Original Dramatic Score: Summer of '42 - Michel Legrand
- Original Song Score and Adaptation: Fiddler on the Roof - John Williams (adaptation score)
- 1972:
- Original Dramatic Score: Limelight [noot 1] - Charlie Chaplin, Raymond Rasch & Larry Russell
- Original Song Score and Adaptation: Cabaret - Ralph Burns (adaptation score)
- 1973:
- Original Dramatic Score: The Way We Were - Marvin Hamlisch
- Original Song Score and Adaptation: The Sting - Marvin Hamlisch (adaptation score)
- 1974:
- Original Dramatic Score: The Godfather Part II - Nino Rota & Carmine Coppola
- Original Song Score and Adaptation: The Great Gatsby - Nelson Riddle (adaptation score)
- 1975:
- Original Dramatic Score: Jaws - John Williams
- Original Song Score and Adaptation: Barry Lyndon - Leonard Rosenman (adaptation score)
- 1976:
- Original Score: The Omen - Jerry Goldsmith
- Original Song Score and Its Adaptation or Adaptation Score: Bound for Glory - Leonard Rosenman (adaptation score)
- 1977:
- Original Score: Star Wars - John Williams
- Original Song Score and Its Adaptation or Adaptation Score: A Little Night Music - Jonathan Tunick (adaptation score)
- 1978:
- Original Score: Midnight Express - Giorgio Moroder
- Adaptation Score: The Buddy Holly Story - Joe Renzetti
- 1979:
- Original Score: A Little Romance - Georges Delerue
- Original Song Score and Its Adaptation or Adaptation Score: All That Jazz - Ralph Burns (adaptation score)
1980-1989
1990-1999
2000-2009
2010-2019
Ereprijzen
Componisten die geen Oscar voor filmmuziek, maar wel een alternatieve Academy Award voor hun muziekbijdragen aan films wonnen:
- In 1986 ontving Alex North een Academy Honorary Award.
- In 1995 ontving Quincy Jones een Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award (een speciale Academy Award).
Componisten die zowel een Oscar voor filmmuziek als een alternatieve Academy Award wonnen:
- In 2007 ontving Ennio Morricone een Academy Honorary Award, en in 2016 won hij met zijn muziek voor The Hateful Eight de Oscar voor beste originele muziek.
Overzicht van componisten
De meeste Oscars voor filmmuziek gingen naar Alfred Newman (in totaal 9), de meeste nominaties staan op naam van John Williams (in totaal 46). De meeste nominaties zonder overwinning staan op naam van Alex North (in totaal 14), al won hij in 1986 wel een Academy Honorary Award. Componist Marvin Hamlisch is het als enige gelukt om in hetzelfde jaar twee varianten van de prijs te ontvangen, namelijk in 1974: de 'Best Dramatic Score' voor de film The Way We Were en de 'Best Adaptation Score' voor de film The Sting.
Overzicht van filmcomponisten met meerdere nominaties, gesorteerd op behaalde aantal Oscars, met tussen haakjes het totale aantal nominaties. Deze lijst is exclusief eventuele nominaties/prijzen voor beste filmsong.
- 9: Alfred Newman (43)
- 5: John Williams (47)
- 4: Johnny Green (12)
- 4: André Previn (11)
- 4: Alan Menken (5)
- 3: Max Steiner (24)
- 3: Ray Heindorf (17)
- 3: Morris Stoloff (17)
- 3: Miklós Rózsa (16)
- 3: Dimitri Tiomkin (14)
- 3: Maurice Jarre (8)
- 3: Ken Darby (6)
- 3: Roger Edens (6)
- 3: Saul Chaplin (5)
- 3: Adolph Deutsch (5)
- 2: Alexandre Desplat (11)
- 2: Franz Waxman (11)
- 2: Henry Mancini (7)
- 2: Lennie Hayton (6)
- 2: Michel Legrand (6)
- 2: Irwin Kostal (5)
- 2: Marvin Hamlisch (4)
- 2: Leonard Rosenman (4)
- 2: Ralph Burns (3)
- 2: Howard Shore (3)
- 2: Gustavo Santaolalla (2)
- 1: Jerry Goldsmith (17)
- 1: Victor Young (17)
- 1: Herbert Stothart (11)
- 1: Hans Zimmer (11)
- 1: Elmer Bernstein (10)
- 1: Hugo Friedhofer (9)
- 1: Lionel Newman (9)
- 1: George Stoll (9)
- 1: James Horner (8)
- 1: Leigh Harline (7)
- 1: Charles Previn (7)
- 1: Paul J. Smith (7)
- 1: Dave Grusin (6)
- 1: Ennio Morricone (6)
- 1: Leslie Bricusse (5)
- 1: Georges Delerue (5)
- 1: Richard Hageman (5)
- 1: Bernard Herrmann (5)
- 1: Nelson Riddle (5)
- 1: Oliver Wallace (5)
- 1: Aaron Copland (4)
- 1: Leo Forbstein (4)
- 1: Richard M. Sherman (4)
- 1: Robert B. Sherman (4)
- 1: Louis Silvers (4)
- 1: Frank Churchill (3)
- 1: Ernest Gold (3)
- 1: Elliot Goldenthal (3)
- 1: Erich Wolfgang Korngold (3)
- 1: Bronislau Kaper (3)
- 1: Dario Marianelli (3)
- 1: Rachel Portman (3)
- 1: Stephen Schwartz (3)
- 1: Harry Sukman (3)
- 1: Gabriel Yared (3)
- 1: John Addison (2)
- 1: Luis Bacalov (2)
- 1: Robert Russell Bennett (2)
- 1: Jay Blackton (2)
- 1: John Corigliano (2)
- 1: Michael Giacchino (2)
- 1: Michael Gore (2)
- 1: W. Franke Harling (2)
- 1: A.R. Rahman (2)
- 1: Heinz Roemheld (2)
- 1: Leo Shuken (2)
Noten
Bronnen
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